Common Terminology for Beginners in the Textile Industry

Common Terminology for Beginners in the Textile Industry

1. Natural Fibers: Fibers derived from nature, including plant fibers (such as cotton, hemp) and animal fibers (such as wool, silk).

2. Synthetic Fibers: Fibers made through chemical methods, such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic.

3. Regenerated Fibers: Made from natural materials (like wood pulp) through chemical processing, e.g., viscose, modal, Tencel.

4. Blended Fibers: Made by mixing two or more different types of fibers, combining the advantages of each.

5. Single Yarn: A basic yarn twisted from a group of fibers, without secondary processing.

6. Roving: A yarn in the spinning process that has not been finely processed, used for subsequent spinning into fine yarn.

7. Fancy Yarn: Decorative yarn created through special processes, such as loop yarn, feather yarn, and slub yarn.

8. High Tenacity Yarn: Yarn specially treated to have high tensile strength, suitable for industrial applications.

9. High Twist Yarn: Yarn with a high twist level, giving the fabric surface a grainy or wrinkled effect.

10. Low Twist Yarn: Yarn with a low twist level, soft to the touch, suitable for comfortable fabrics.

11. Worsted Yarn: Yarn processed finely, with high quality and good hand feel, often used for high-end fabrics.

12. Woolen Yarn: Yarn with coarser fibers and a looser structure, often used for heavy winter fabrics.

13. Ring Spun Yarn: Yarn produced by the traditional spinning method, with stable quality, suitable for a wide range of uses.

14. Rotor Yarn (Open-end Yarn): Yarn produced by rotor spinning technology, with high efficiency, suitable for mass production.

15. Staple Fiber: Fibers of limited length, such as cotton and wool, which need to be spun into yarn before use.

16. Filament: Fibers of virtually unlimited length, such as polyester filament and nylon filament, often used directly in weaving.

17. Yarn Count Unit: The unit for yarn thickness; the larger the number, the finer the yarn, e.g., 32s, 40s.

18. Ply Yarn: Yarn formed by twisting two or more single yarns together, offering higher strength.

19. Twist: The degree of twist in a yarn, affecting its hand feel and performance.

20. Combed Cotton: High-quality cotton yarn made by removing short fibers and impurities through the combing process.

21. Polyester-Cotton (T/C): A fabric blended with polyester and cotton, combining the advantages of both fibers.